ASSESSMENT ON THE USE OF MOBILE DEVICES FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN CAMEROON

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

The evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) has significantly transformed the way information is accessed, retrieved, and utilized, especially in public libraries. Ajiboye, Oyedipe & Alawiye (2023) argue that the advancements in ICT have led to the production of numerous information resources, both in print and electronic formats. Keeping up with the ever-expanding pool of published information has become increasingly challenging, if not unattainable. As a result, the task of accessing information from the numerous information devices and carriers has become a significant worry for libraries and information scientists. Overtime, the integration of digital technologies into libraries has revolutionized the process of information retrieval and management. In modern academic libraries, Bawden & Robinson (2022) stated that the use of information retrieval tools (IRTs) has become essential for managing vast amounts of digital archives and enhancing access to a wide variety of resources. Digital archives, which include e-books, journals, multimedia, and historical records, have been increasingly made available to support the academic and research needs of students, faculty, and researchers

Undoubtedly, public libraries play a critical role in providing equitable access to information for all citizens. They are traditionally known for their extensive collections of physical resources, including books, periodicals, and archival materials. However, Fourie (2021) averred that with the advent of the digital era, public libraries have expanded their services to include digital resources, electronic databases, and mobile-friendly platforms. Olajide & Oyeniran (2019) assert that mobile devices serve as essential tools for users to navigate these digital resources and retrieve information that is relevant to their needs. Public libraries in various countries have embraced mobile technology to facilitate easy access to e-resources, library catalogs, and online databases, which allows users to retrieve information without the limitations of time and space. Similalrly, Aharony, (2021) stated that with the proliferation of mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, and other handheld gadgets, users can now access a vast array of information resources and services remotely without visiting physical library locations. 

In Cameroon, public libraries in Cameroon have begun to explore innovative ways to leverage mobile technology to enhance their information services and reach a broader audience. For instance, some public libraries have developed mobile-friendly websites, digital catalogs, and mobile applications to provide users with convenient access to library resources (Fonchingong, 2014). The increasing penetration of mobile technology among library users in Cameroon underscores the need for public libraries to align their services with the information-seeking behaviors of mobile device users (Folefac, 2020). 

1.2 Statement of the Problem

In recent times, the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries is gradually gaining attention as both library administrators and patrons recognize the potential of mobile technology to improve information services. Since public libraries in Cameroon serve as key institutions for promoting access to information, knowledge sharing, and lifelong learning, the rapid advancements in digital technology and the increasing reliance on mobile devices for information access pose challenges to the traditional model of library services. Studies by Acharame & Lumunga (2020) have shown that users of public libraries, particularly young adults and students, prefer accessing information on their mobile devices due to convenience, flexibility, and ease of use. As a result, public libraries need to adapt their services to accommodate the information retrieval needs of mobile device users. This adaptation involves providing mobile-friendly interfaces, optimizing digital resources for mobile access, and ensuring that users can seamlessly retrieve information using their mobile devices.

In the opinion of Folefac (2020), while mobile devices offer the potential to improve information retrieval in public libraries, their effective utilization remains limited due to various barriers, including inadequate digital resources, lack of mobile-friendly platforms, and insufficient technical skills among library staff. These limitations raise concerns about the ability of public libraries to meet the information needs of users who rely heavily on mobile devices. According to Thanuskodi, (2015), mobile devices have become integral tools for information retrieval, enabling users to seek, download, and share information in real-time. In public libraries, the integration of mobile technology has created new opportunities for enhancing user experience, extending library services, and improving information access.

Although existing studies have highlighted the benefits of mobile devices in enhancing information retrieval and improving user experience in public libraries. However, most of these studies have focused on developed countries with well-established digital infrastructure and mobile services. In contrast, there is a paucity of research on the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in developing countries like Cameroon. This gap in literature limits our understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with mobile information retrieval in the context of public libraries in Cameroon.

 Relatively, another issue is the lack of comprehensive studies examining the factors that influence the effective use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon even though previous research has identified some challenges, such as digital illiteracy and inadequate mobile resources. Therefore, there is a need to explore the relationship between mobile device usage and information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon, with a focus on identifying the key factors that affect this relationship. Against this backdrop, the current study seeks to address these gaps by assessing the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon. 

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The primary objectives of this is focused on assessment on the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon. Specifically, the study seeks:

To examine the extent to which mobile devices are used for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon.

To identify the factors that influence the effective use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries.

To assess the challenges faced by users and library staff in using mobile devices for information retrieval.

To recommend strategies for enhancing the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon.

1.4 Research Questions

To what extent are mobile devices used for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon?

What factors influence the effective use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries?

What challenges do users and library staff face in using mobile devices for information retrieval?

What strategies can be recommended to enhance the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon?

Research Hypotheses

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the use of mobile devices and information retrieval effectiveness in public libraries in Cameroon.

Hi: There is no significant relationship between the use of mobile devices and information retrieval effectiveness in public libraries in Cameroon.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will be of practical significance to public libraries, library staff, and library users. For public libraries, the study will provide insights into the current state of mobile device usage for information retrieval and highlight the factors that influence its effectiveness. This information will enable public libraries to develop strategies for improving digital services and enhancing users’ access to information through mobile devices. 

For library staff, the study will offer valuable knowledge on the challenges associated with mobile information retrieval, thereby enabling them to provide better support to users and optimize library services. The study is also relevant to library users, as it will identify the key challenges and opportunities associated with using mobile devices for information retrieval. Understanding these challenges will help users make informed decisions about how to effectively use their mobile devices to access library resources. Additionally, the study will provide recommendations for enhancing the digital skills of users, thereby improving their ability to retrieve information from public libraries using mobile devices. From a theoretical perspective, this study will contribute to the existing literature on digital information retrieval and mobile technology in libraries. It will provide a framework for understanding the factors that influence the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries and offer insights into the implications of mobile technology for information access in developing countries. This contribution will be relevant to researchers and scholars interested in exploring the intersection of mobile technology, information retrieval, and public library services.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on assessing the use of mobile devices for information retrieval in public libraries in Cameroon. The content scope encompasses the factors influencing mobile device usage, the challenges faced by users and library staff, and the strategies for improving information retrieval services. The geographical scope of the study includes selected public libraries in Cameroon

1.8 Limitations of the Study

Like is in the character of academic endeavors,  a significant constraint of this study is the potential for response bias, as users and library staff may not accurately report their experiences or challenges in using mobile devices for information retrieval. To mitigate this, the researcher will employ validated questionnaires and ensure confidentiality during data collection. Another limitation is the reliance on cross-sectional data, which may not capture changes in mobile device usage or information retrieval practices over time. Future studies could consider longitudinal designs to address this limitation.

Additionally, the study’s findings may be limited by the geographical scope, as it focuses solely on selected public libraries in Cameroon. The results may not be generalizable to other public libraries in different regions or countries with varying levels of digital infrastructure. Future research could expand the study to include public libraries in other regions or contexts.

1.9 Operational Definition of Terms

Mobile Devices: These are handheld electronic gadget, such as smartphones and tablets, used for accessing and retrieving information from digital platforms and online resources.

Information Retrieval: This is the process of seeking, accessing, and obtaining information from various sources, including digital databases and library catalogs.

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